Japan 2018 (I): visiting Narita – Tokyo – Ise – Kyoto

Two years later we return to Japan, starting with Narita, the city where the airport is located. We wanted to come back for 2019 but we couldn’t wait that long.

July 12th

At 6.20 in the morning we took off from Barajas to Paris. With Air France. Only 2 hours of flight and the plane very average.

We landed around 8:30 in the morning and we had a 5-hour wait ahead of us. We went to the departure terminal and spent the long and boring time there. Until 1:35 p.m. when we finally took off for Tokyo.

Road to Japan

This plane, also from Air France, was comfortable with a good food service and a not very good entertainment offer. The crew… the crew is something else. I have never flown with such an unfriendly and unpleasant crew. My partner was a bit sick and it was one hell of a trip. It was terrible.

July 13th

After an 11-hour flight, we landed at Narita airport at around 8:40 in the morning. After passing the pertinent controls, we went to change the JR Passes, although at the moment we were not going to activate them.

Cupón intercambio JR Pass

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Narita

Then we took out yen at a row of ATMs that were near the JR counter and went down to the platforms to take the train to the city of Narita. We took the Keisei private line for 260 yen (2€-2.40$) and in about 20 minutes we were at the Keisei-Narita station.

Haneda Airport train

We had the hotel next to the exit of the station. This is the APA Hotel Keisei-Narita. It was like 12 noon and we couldn’t get in until 3pm.

As my partner was not feeling well, they gave us the option of entering earlier for 1,000 yen (€7.50) per hour. So after more than 24 hours since we left Granada, we don’t think about it. We paid 4,000 yen (about €30).

The hotel was very good. A three star that, for Japan, the room was quite spacious with two single beds.

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We rested a bit and went to eat at the Ton Ton Tei tonkatsu restaurant. The food was to die for. The meat melted in the mouth. It’s a bit far but worth the visit.

Ton Ton Tei

Already with a full stomach and infernal heat, we walked to the nearby Narita-san Shinsho-ji Temple (成田山新勝寺). It is a Buddhist temple of the Shingon Tochiyama school founded in the year 940 (3rd year Tenkei) and its main image is Daishou Fudo Myo (不動明王).

Narita-san Shinsho-ji Temple (成田山新勝寺)

The temple compound is huge and mixes old and modern buildings, as well as huge gardens. It takes a long time to go through it, especially if it’s hot. Admission is free.

Narita-san Shinsho-ji Temple (成田山新勝寺)
Narita-san Shinsho-ji Temple (成田山新勝寺)

On leaving the temple we went for a walk along Omotesando street, a commercial street where many old buildings are preserved, which, incidentally, brought us closer to the hotel. That night we wanted to go to rest early since the trip had left us exhausted.

Next to the hotel there was a kombini where we bought something prepared to eat and go to sleep early.

Omotesando Narita

Here you can find a map with the points visited in Narita:

July 14th

Tokyo

Very early we set off for Tokyo. With the JR Pass already activated, we boarded the Narita express at Narita station to Shinagawa station. There we changed to the Keihintohoku line to Kamata station to get to the hotel.

For value for money we decided to stay at the Chisun Inn Kamata, the same one we stayed at in 2016.

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We left our things and went to the Setagaya neighborhood. We got off at Sangenjaya station and went straight to Carrot Tower, the tallest tower in Setagaya at 124 meters. On the 25th floor it has a free 360º viewpoint from which you can see spectacular views.

Setagaya Tokyo
Views from Carrot Tower.

After the tower we go to the back where the terminal station of the Tokyu Setagaya tram line (東急世田谷線) is located.

It is one of the two tram lines that remain active in Tokyo. It has stops at various interesting points so we took a day pass. He had a hard time getting it out because not being too touristy, the box office only spoke Japanese. The price of the pass is 330 yen (2.70€). To our surprise, when the tram arrived, it turned out to be in the shape of a cat. How horny are the Japanese.

Tokyu Setagaya tram line (東急世田谷線)

We got off at Kamimachi Station to visit the Daikan Residence (世田谷代官屋敷) and the Setagaya Tenso Temple (上町天祖神社). Neither of them was too spectacular, but since it caught us almost on the way, we had to visit it.

Retracing our steps, we reached Setagaya Joshi Park (世田谷城阯公園).

Setagaya Joshi Park is a historical park located in the Setagaya neighborhood opened in 1945. It is actually the ruins of the old Setagaya castle.

The castle is believed to have been built in the 14th century during the Muromachi period and belonged to the Kira clan (吉良氏) for more than 200 years.

In the year 1590, during the Tenshō period, the Tokugawa clan won the war and the Kira clan had to leave the castle and it fell into oblivion.

Setagaya Joshi Park (世田谷城阯公園)

Less than a 5-minute walk away is a truly essential visit: Gotokuji Temple (豪徳寺), the temple dedicated to the lucky cat Maneki-neko (招き猫).

Gotokuji Temple (豪徳寺)

Goutoku-ji is a Buddhist temple of the Sōtō School, founded in 1480, by the Li family of the Hikone clan.

In addition to the Gotokuji Li Family Cemetery, which is a nationally designated historic site, there are many cultural heritage sites related to the Li Family, including the Buddhist temple and the Bell.

Gotokuji Temple (豪徳寺)

Legend has it that Maneki-neko (招き猫) originated here.

In the seventeenth century, one day the feudal lord Naotaka Li, who was hunting, was surprised by a terrible storm, took shelter under a tree. A while later, he saw a cat beckoning him with its right paw to come closer to the temple. Moved by curiosity, Naotaka Li approached the cat and, just at that moment, lightning struck the tree, destroying it. In gratitude for saving his life, Naotaka Li helped finance the temple, which was then in ruins.

Since then Maneki-neko (招き猫) has been a symbol of good luck in Japan (and almost all over the world).

Maneki-neko (招き猫)

There you can buy a Maneki-neko at the temple offices and leave it as an offering or take it home. I bought two, a small one to leave as an offering and a larger one that I have in my store.

The pavilion where the maneki-neko offerings are left is truly spectacular, not only for its beauty and that of the surroundings, but also for the number of maneki-neko that are left as offerings.

Gotokuji Temple (豪徳寺)

Among those hundreds in the photography, there is mine, but how to find it next time…

Gotokuji Temple (豪徳寺)

After taking a quiet walk around the compound and through the cemetery, we returned to the tram station. The next stop: Shoin-jinja-mae Station. From there we took a short walk through a non-touristy shopping street to the Shoin-jinja Shrine (松陰神社). That is the best thing that Setagaya has, since it is not touristy at all, it is purely Japanese and you can see what normal Japanese life is like.

Shoin-jinja Shrine (松陰神社)

It is a shrine dedicated to the thinker Shoin Yoshida who was famous during the Meiji Restoration and was built between 1923 and 1952.

Tokyo
Tokyo

The sanctuary is a haven of peace within the hustle and bustle of the neighborhood and has very pretty little gardens. But it has a drawback, when entering one of the gardens there was a sign with a gigantic mosquito drawn on a tree. We figured out what it meant and before going in we bathed in repellent just in case.

Shoin-jinja Shrine (松陰神社)

After this visit, we took the tram back to the JR station and headed straight for Shibuya. There we ate in a place that we already knew before, one of the Gusto cafe, the food is good and not very expensive and it has an open bar of drinks, which is important considering the tremendous heat it was.

Gusto cafe Tokyo
Gusto cafe Tokyo

With our stomachs already full and well hydrated, we took a quiet walk through Shibuya.

Shibuya

As night fell, we approached the Shibuya Hikarie Mall building, an impressive 34-story shopping and cultural center. From the 11th to the 16th floor is the Tokyo Theater Orb, a theater with a capacity for almost 2,000 people. From the door there is a huge window from which you can see the famous Shibuya crossing, which is also free.

Shibuya
Shibuya Crossing from Shibuya Hikarie Mall (very dirty glass)

On the way down, we went for a walk around the Shibuya 109 shopping center, which was getting cold. When we left, as it was still quite early, we took the train to Takeshita Dori, which we had never been at night.

Shibuya
Takesita Dori

There we took the opportunity to go around a bit in a Daiso, a chain of stores selling everything for 100 yen and buy some things like a camera case for 108 yen (€0.85) and an envelope filled with something chemical that when you hit it gets cold and It is ideal to cool off with the heat it was doing.

Daiso Tokyo

That night we had to eat something from the konbini at the hotel because we were very tired.

July 15th

Today it was time to get up early and look for an internet cafe to print a part of the guide that I forgot at home, thank goodness I always have a flash drive with everything. I left my partner still convalescing at the hotel and went on an adventure.

Finding a cyber didn’t cost me too much, there was one in front of the JR Kamata station called Net Room, from a chain that is all over Tokyo. The difficult part was making himself understood. They only spoke Japanese so from signs I was able to understand that it was full and that I would have to wait an hour. So I went for a walk around the neighborhood, had a coffee and came back. Again with signs I got them to give me a room for an hour. In the cyber there was a washing machine and shower and you can spend the whole night in it for about €20. At that time there were people leaving to spend the night.

The floor was made of mattress and it was very comfortable. It also has slippers to walk around the facilities since in the room you have to be barefoot. It had a computer with a printer and a tv with dvd. At the reception they had movies and magazines. After fumbling with windows in Japanese I managed to print the document. As it took me practically the entire hour, there was little else I could do in there. The hour cost me 300 yen (€2.20-$2.50).

With everything ready, we headed for the Zōjō-ji Temple (増上寺), next to the Tokyo Tower, which offers a beautiful mix of tradition and modernity. It was founded in 1393 as an orthodox nembutsu seminary and central to Jodo shu in the Kanto region.

Templo Zōjōji (増上寺)

Zojoji was moved to the present site in 1598 after Ieyasu Tokugawa, founder of the Tokugawa shogunate, chose Edo (present-day Tokyo) in 1590 to establish his provincial government. After the start of the Edo Period when the Tokugawa shogunate ruled Japan, Zojoji became the family temple of the Tokugawa family.

Zōjō-ji Temple (増上寺)
Zōjō-ji Temple (増上寺)

We quietly visited the temple (it’s free) and we sat for a while inside, which had air conditioning.

From there we went to Shimbashi station to visit the Hama Rikyu gardens (浜離宮恩賜庭園). These are traditional gardens that were built as a residence for the Tokugawa family and later converted into a duck hunting ground.

It is known for its saltwater pond that enters directly from Tokyo Bay. The haven of tranquility surrounded by the modern skyscrapers in the area is very impressive. At the entrance they provide you with free umbrellas to mitigate the terrible heat of the Tokyo summer. I consider it an essential visit.

Hama Rikyu gardens (浜離宮恩賜庭園)

After the impressive visit to the gardens, we went to Ueno looking for a revolving belt sushi chain restaurant that I had seen on the internet and highly recommended: Sushi-ro.

We found it but the queue was huge.

You had to get a number on a screen that, of course, was in Japanese.

After several minutes looking at the screen as if looking into space, a girl approached us to whom we managed to explain that we wanted to take a number to eat at the restaurant since it seems that the screen gave several options. The girl very kindly takes us a number.

Second problem, there is no screen indicating the number she is going for and they sing the numbers in Japanese. So we wait to see what happens. In this they call the girl who had helped us. When she approaches the waiter, she comments to him pointing at us… nothing happens.

About 45 minutes after we entered the restaurant, they suddenly shout our number in English! We already know what the girl told him a while before.

Conclusion: The Japanese are the kindest people in the world. It wouldn’t be the first or the last time they’d give us a hand. It was worth the wait and the sweating of the Japanese language since the sushi was amazing and it was really cheap. We will be back.

After eating we went for a walk in Ueno Park to wash down the food and returned to Shimbashi to see the night show of the Ghibli Clock, in the building of the Japanese television network NTV. Two years ago we saw it during the day but we had been wanting. It is highly recommended even if you are not a fan of anime.

Ghibli Clock

After the show we went to Shiodome station to take the driverless train on the Yurikamome line to go to Odaiba to see the new Gundam Unicorn next to the Diver city Tokyo shopping center, since they had changed it since we were there in 2016. On the way, we took a walk through the Venus fort shopping center where the corridors simulate the canals of Venice (Permanently closed since 2022). It’s all very, very freaky… After taking a good walk we decided to go back to the hotel so we could get up early the next day.

Gundam Unicorn Diver city Tokyo

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July 16th

Today it’s time to get up early and go on an excursion to a place rarely visited by Westerners and highly recommended: Mount Nokogiri (鋸山).

It is located on the west coast at one end of Tokyo Bay, already in the Chiba prefecture. There is the largest ancient Buddha statue in all of Japan, with 31 meters high. It is located within the grounds of the Nihonji Temple (日本寺), which literally means temple of Japan. It is a Buddhist temple founded in the year 725, being the oldest in all of Kanto and occupying the entire slope of the mountain.

At 8:30 we took the JR Keihintohoku Line to Yokohama Station, and there we transferred to the JR Yokosuka Line to Kurihama Station. On this train we realized that we were leaving the touristic Japan since during the whole trip we were the only westerners in the whole car. I love hehehe.

From Kurihama station we walked (5 min) to the main entrance of Keikyu-Kurihama station and there we got on bus number 8 (¥200) and in about 15 minutes we were at the Tokyo Wan-Ferry2 ferry terminal minutes before it came out. We bought the tickets in a hurry, one way for 720¥ (roundtrip 1320¥). About 40 minutes later we got off the ferry at Kanaya. We walked about 15 minutes, with a stop in the middle in a kombini to buy supplies for the excursion, until we reached the cable car that was going to take us to the top of the mountain. For another 500 ¥ we bought a one-way ticket (930 ¥ round trip). The ride showed only 5 minutes but the views are truly spectacular.

Japan
Kanaya from the cable car

When you get to the top there is a visitor center and from there the route begins. To enter you have to pay ¥600 (€4.50). The views from the center terrace are brutal. The first thing we did was head towards the gigantic statue of Hyakushakukannon. It is carved into the rock and is spectacular, both the statue and the path to reach it.

Nokogiri
Nokogiri

From here, everything is down. We go down the path of the arhats. Along this path we can find 1,500 stone statues of arhats sculpted between 1779 and 1798. It is a very curious walk as well as beautiful inside the lush forest.

Nokogiri

We continue down and finally we arrive at the esplanade where the jewel in the crown is located: the Great Buddha. It is really gigantic. It was definitely worth the exhaustion and sweltering heat. Next to the temple there is a shady picnic area where we sit down to eat something and drink something cold from one of the machines there (of course).

Nokogiri

After resting we begin the descent towards the Hota train station. The descent was still spectacular passing through more temples of different sizes.

We had decided to return to Tokyo by train and we made a huge mistake. It took us more than three hours to return, it seemed that the journey would never end. The worst thing is that that night we had a hotel in Nagoya. So we highly recommend coming back by ferry.

As soon as we arrived in Tokyo, we picked up our bags at the hotel and rushed to Shinagawa station to take the shinkansen to Nagoya.

Nagoya

For dinner it was time to buy a bento to eat on the train. We took the shinkansen at 7:10 p.m. and around 9:00 p.m. we were arriving in Nagoya, but not getting off the train. Just before entering the station, it stopped and we stood there for almost half an hour. Every two for three a message in Japanese sounded over the PA system in which I suppose they were saying the reasons, but we will never know. The chosen hotel was the UNIZO INN Nagoya Sakae Higashi. Well located but quite seedy.

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July 17th

Today is an excursion to the city of Ise (Mie Prefecture). We visit the Ise Grand Shrine or Ise Jingū (伊勢神宮) which is the most important shrine in Japan. We were going to visit the Inner Naikū Shrine (内宮) and the Outer Gekū Shrine (外宮).

We got up early and at 8.37 in the morning we were already on the train. We took the Mie line that went directly to Iseshi station where it dropped us off at 10:20. At one point during the journey, an employee of the company passed by charging an extra because one of the sections of track belong to another company. The price was 510 yen per person (€3.50). It is well indicated on the JR Pass. All this the boy explaining everything in Japanese.

Japan
Sewer in Ise

We left the station and walked to the Outer Shrine «Geku». The Sanctuary is truly spectacular. It is nestled in a beautiful wooded area with giant trees and ponds. There were a lot of people since it is one of the main pilgrimage points in Japan. The walk takes a long time but it is very enjoyable.

Japan
Japan

After a long and relaxing spiritual walk, we left the complex and at the same entrance we took bus number 51 to the outer sanctuary (bus number 55 is also valid). About 20 minutes later we were getting off next to the entrance of the Sanctuary.

Ise Grand Shrine or Ise Jingū (伊勢神宮)

The outer shrine was founded 2,000 years ago and is one of the holiest places in Japan. The enclosure is a gigantic haven of peace even though many people walk through it. Despite the time that can be invested to get to Ise, it is worth getting closer because it is really spectacular.

Ise Grand Shrine or Ise Jingū (伊勢神宮)

Despite the oppressive humid heat, it is a fairly pleasant and calm walk. In the visitor center near the exit, there are screens with explanatory videos about the temple (in Japanese) as well as air conditioning, cold water and free tea.

Ise Grand Shrine or Ise Jingū (伊勢神宮)

After the well-deserved rest and several liters of fresh water, we left the temple and toured Oharaimachi. It is a commercial area next to the temple, with very old buildings and many shops and restaurants. It is a very touristy area although we were the only westerners that were there. As soon as we entered, we bought some ice cream and we walked through it calmly. It is a highly recommended walk.

Japan
Ise Grand Shrine or Ise Jingū (伊勢神宮)
Okage Yokocho Street

After the walk we returned to take the bus to Iseshi station and eat something there while we waited for the train to leave.

It had gotten a little late for lunch, we looked for something in the surroundings but everything was closed and there wasn’t even a kombini. We decided to take the train and we would eat when we reached the next destination.

Japan

We got off at the Futamino-ura station, which was more of a halt than a station. It had neither lathes nor employees. We still couldn’t find anything to eat but we found a tourist information office. BINGO! We went in to ask to see where we could eat, but to our “surprise”, the man only spoke Japanese. Well very good.

We continue our way towards the Hinjitsukam temple (賓日館) with such bad luck that it closes on Tuesdays. And all this without eating.

Japan
Hinjitsukam temple (賓日館)

The area reminded me of some declining tourist spot, with big hotels on the beachfront but deserted and rather old. No one was seen there.

As we were next door, we approached the Meteoiwa temple (夫婦岩) where the so-called “Married Rocks” are located. They are two rocks (one larger than the other) joined by a thick rice straw rope (shimenawa) that represent the gods Izanagi and Izanami, the creators according to the Shinto religion and that represent masculinity and femininity united by marriage. . Here crowds of couples gather to ask for a happy marriage.

Meteoiwa temple (夫婦岩)

At the time we were there it was low tide but, according to the guides, when the tide is high, the rocks seem completely separated and it is quite spectacular, especially at sunset.

Japan
Futamiokitama Shrine (二見興玉神社)

After all this, it was about 5 in the afternoon and we still didn’t eat. Luckily on the way to the station we found a Lawson and took a good look at the fridge.

At 7:30 p.m. we were already in the city and, as soon as we arrived, we rushed to Takayama to reserve a seat for the next day, where we had rented a car to go to Shirakawa-go and tour the area. Bad luck caught up with us. It turns out that due to the floods of several weeks ago, together with the heat wave that hit us, the reconstruction work had not been able to be finished and public transport had not yet been restored. So canceling the car rental and looking for plan B for the next day.

Nagoya
Nagoya Tower

After the upset, we squeezed an exquisite ramen for dinner at the Rich miso ramen Sakaeya restaurant, which was very close to the hotel, so that the penalties were less. After dinner we took a short walk through the Sakae area and went to Don Quijote to browse and buy some wasabi and green tea kit-kats.

Nagoya
Don Quijote

July 18th

Since we had to cancel the visit to Takayama, we decided to get up early and go to Kyoto and Nara to see some places that we had missed in 2016 and that we had removed from this year’s itinerary due to lack of time.

At 9:08 we took the shinkansen and at 9:45 we were in Kyoto. When we left the station, the heat was almost unbearable. But it was not a plan to stay locked up.

We went for a walk to the Tō-ji Temple (東寺). It is the main temple of the Shingon Buddhist school, declared a World Heritage Site. Its main attraction is the 5-story pagoda built in the year 826, which is the tallest wooden pagoda in Japan.

Tō-ji Temple (東寺)
Tō-ji Temple (東寺)

After visiting the temple, we went back to the station and took a train to Nara.

At Nara station we got off and walked about 10 minutes to Kintetsu-Nara station to take the Kintetsu-Nara line train to Yamato-Saidaiji station, where we changed to the Kintetsu-Kashihara line to Nishinokyō station.

There we got off and walked for about 10 minutes in hellish heat to the Tōshōdai-ji temple (唐招提寺). It is an essential temple in Nara but it is too far from the city and it takes a lot of turns to get there.

Tōshōdai-ji temple (唐招提寺)

It was founded in the year 759 by the monk Gaijin and is the upper temple of the Buddhist Risshu sect. The entrance to the enclosure costs 600 yen but it is worth it. The golden hall is impressive (photos are not allowed) and the gardens are absolutely amazing. It is ideal to walk very quietly because of the tremendous peace that the enclosure spreads. 100% recommendable.

Tōshōdai-ji temple (唐招提寺)

Back in Nara, we ate a curry at the Coco curry house next to the station, with several jugs of ice water and we went for a walk through the temple area, which we had already visited in depth in 2016 but did not want to return still to Nagoya. At 18.55 we take the Nara line back to Kyoto we take the shinkansen at 19.59 to Nagoya where we arrive at 20.36. We ate dinner and went to bed to get up early the next day.

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Japan

On this page you can find the diaries of our trips and general information about the wonderful country that is Japan, from its history to learning how to move.

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Japan 2016: a dream come true

On this page we are going to narrate in several entries the diary of our trip to Japan in 2016. Our first trip to the land of the rising sun and one of my two dream destinations (the other is Iceland, which is yet to come). It was so spectacular that we would return just two years later.

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Japan. Practical Guide

Here you will find everything you need to know for your trip to Japan.

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1. Documents and visa

To travel to Japan it is necessary to have a valid passport, whose validity covers the entire period of planned stay in the country, and a proof of return / return ticket.

The Japanese authorities are very demanding when it comes to examining tourists’ passports, and they cause problems at the entrance if it is damaged or has separate covers from the booklet. Therefore, if the document is not in perfect condition, it is recommended to renew it before traveling to the country, and in any case, refrain from trying to manipulate it. Likewise, entry into Japan is not allowed with passports that appear as canceled, so it is important not to travel with documents whose loss had been reported and later recovered, since these are considered invalid passports. It is also worth bearing in mind that passport renewals can only be processed through the Consular Section of the Spanish Embassy in Tokyo and that the passports are issued in Spain, so their renewal may be delayed.

During your stay in Japan, at any time the authorities may require you to show your passport or residence card.

Check the embassy website for the countries that need a visa to enter.

https://www.mofa.go.jp/j_info/visit/visa/index.html

It is illegal to work even temporarily or informally in Japan without a visa. Exceeding the maximum stay period can lead to criminal consequences and eventual prohibition of return to the country.

Japan

2. Transport

Important: especially in big cities like Tokyo, you have to avoid rush hours that are from 7 to 9 in the morning and from 5 to 7 in the afternoon. Even so, the silence in transport is sepulchral and it is even mandatory to silence the mobile phone before entering. Of course, if you get on a train around 9 at night, you will coincide with many office workers returning home after spending time with colleagues drinking in the izakayas and then you will already be able to hear a brief murmur (in addition to a bit of vinegar smell).

The Japanese are really orderly. To enter the trains you will see them making two perfect lines on the sides of where the door is going to fall and you will see that no one will enter before those inside come out. Once they leave, you will see the human tide going up or down the stairs in perfect order without crossing the lines on the ground that divide both directions. It is spectacular. Another curiosity about the Japanese and transportation is how easy it is to fall asleep. You’ll see them asleep standing up holding on to the bar. Impressive.

Train

Getting around by train is the most effective way. The trains are very punctual and have an incredible frequency, although it is quite expensive unless you have the Japan Rail Pass. The national train company is Japan Rail, although there are many private lines that complete the impressive Japanese train system.

IMPORTANT NOTE: due to the Covid-19 pandemic, we will not be able to travel on the Shinkansen with our large suitcases without reserving a seat in advance. You will also have to reserve a seat for your suitcase. If you book the day before, as is quite usual, you will not be able to take it on board.

Tokyo

The Japan Rail Pass (JR Pass) is a train pass in which you can make unlimited travel on all Japan Rail company trains except the NOZOMI, MIZUHO and HAYABUSA Shinkansen, which are the fastest.

The JR Pass can be purchased for 7, 14 or 21 days and has 2 classes: the Green Class, which is the first; and the standard class.

Class7 days14 days21 days
Standard¥29.650¥47.250¥60.450
Standard (Children)¥14.820¥23.620¥30.220
Green Class¥39.600¥64.120¥93.390
Green Class (Children)¥19.800¥32.060¥41.690

The prices in this table are the official ones of JR but when you buy it, any agency will charge you a commission.

Japan Rail Pass

As a recommendation, I would tell you to study well the routes you are going to do to see if it compensates you. But for example, only Tokyo-Kyoto round trip is already ¥27,700 (€212.65).

It can be purchased online and must be purchased within 90 days before activation. When you buy it, they send you a coupon that you will then have to redeem at one of the JR offices in Japan. If you arrive early you can activate it at the airport for the day you want to start using it. For example: you arrive at Narita on July 1 and there you can activate it on the fly but to use it from July 3.

You can activate it at all major stations in the country and at airports. Once we have the pass, to use it is very simple, next to the turnstiles of the stations there is a window where there is an employee who you have to show the back of the pass and let you pass.

As a recommendation, his thing is that before making a long trip, reserve a seat in any office one day before making the trip.

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Bus

In some cities the bus is essential, as in Kyoto where there are only two subway lines. One that goes from north to south and another from east to west.

Normally you enter through the back door where there is a machine from which a ticket comes out with the number or name of the stop where you get on. Above the driver you will see a screen or illuminated sign indicating the price to pay from each stop. For example: if you got on at stop number three you will see a box with that number and the price to pay at that time. Depending on which city or line it is, the price will go up. When you arrive at your stop, you insert the ticket and the exact money in coins into a machine next to the driver. If you don’t have loose money, don’t worry, you can change money in another machine that is in the same place.

Transport in Japan

The entrance is normally indicated with the kanji 入口 and exit by the one with 出口. Look carefully because in some cities it is done the other way around, you enter from the front and leave from behind.

In some cities, like Kyoto, the rate is flat and you always pay the same. In the rest you have to look at the type of tickets. If it is not in English, the kanjis to differentiate between them are: 大人 for adults and 小供 for children. If you find that the panel does not put anything, only the prices, logically the highest is for adults and the other for children. Always remember to ask at the tourist office for possible discount cards.

Alternatives to Hyperdia

Hyperdia was a web/application that exactly indicated timetables, prices, platforms, etc… It was a truly complete and essential application until April 1, 2022, when it ceased to be functional.

Hyperdia

Google Maps

As in almost all countries, Google maps is a good alternative. It is quite complete and in Japan it even tells you the prices of the journey.

The disadvantage is that it does not clearly indicate the company that makes the journey. For example, if we want to go from Tokyo Station to Narita Airport:

Hyperdia

This second option we can take the Ueno-Tokyo Line that does not indicate that it is from the JR company with what the JR PASS would be worth, but we must transfer to the Skyliner, which is from the KEISEI company and is not included in the pass.

Japan Travel by Navitime

It is the best and most complete option. You can exclude some types of transportation and you can choose between JR Pass and other passes. In addition to covering train and flight connections, Navitime is particularly strong with bus connections throughout Japan and also covers driving routes, taxi fares, and expressway tolls.

The service is free and comes as a website and app.

Web: https://japantravel.navitime.com/en/area/jp/route/

Japan Transit Planner (Jorudan)

Jorudan has been involved in publishing and developing video games since 1991. Today it offers a website and an app, both of which come with free basic search features and some paid features. The free options available differ between the web and the app, with the app version being much higher than the website version.

Luckily, the free app offers the option to select JR company trains. It also indicates platform details and stations along the way. But only the app, not the web.

Web: https://world.jorudan.co.jp/mln/en/

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Security in Japan

Japan is a safe country, in fact it has the two safest cities in the world. Wherever you go, no matter how dark it is, you will never feel insecure.

You will be surprised how the stores close in the malls. In 2016 we «lost» the camera in Tokyo and it appeared. In 2018, while we were on the train platform, we bought some soft drinks from a machine and after a while we realized that my bag had fallen to the ground and people were avoiding it.

It also shocks how parked bikes are in cities like Tokyo without chains or clamps.

However, as in any part of the world, and although they are very infrequent, there can be some cases of theft of documentation, cards and cash, especially in certain bars in some nightlife neighborhoods of Tokyo (Roppongi, Kabukicho, Ikebukuro, Shibuya …). In the event of any difficulties, and before going to the embassy, it is advisable to go to a ‘koban’ (easily identifiable community police posts in cities) to report any of these events. The agents will be able to provide the tourist with the assistance that he may need or direct him to other types of public services, as the case may be. The police telephone number is 110 and the fire and ambulance telephone number is 119.

Narita
Closed store in a mall

4. Health care

To travel to Japan it is highly recommended to have medical insurance with the widest coverage possible, since health care can be really expensive. For the same reason, it is recommended that the insurance that is contracted does not imply that the insured must advance the expenses.

Sanitary conditions in Japan are good, and Japanese doctors and hospitals have a good reputation. One of the problems that foreigners often encounter is that of language, since few doctors and nurses speak English. Let’s hope we don’t have to use it.

Here you have a good specialist travel insurance, IATI. Also for being our reader you will have a 5% discount on all insurance.

Another thing to watch out for are mosquitoes. In Japan they are as big as sparrows and stings are horrible. We recommend bringing repellents or clothing patches.

Tokyo

5. Electricity

The electric current throughout Japan is 100 volts, but there are two possible frequencies: 50 or 60 hertz. The plugs are two flat pins type A. Sometimes a current transformer is necessary. If your chargers put 110-220 you will not need a transformer. Yours is to buy an adapter. We always carry a universal adapter and a power strip to charge the two mobiles and the tablet or the camera battery.

6. Money

As we all know, the currency of Japan is the Yen. The yen is a currency that fluctuates on the stock market so its exchange rate varies. What is worth €2 today may be worth €1.80 or €2.20 tomorrow.

In Japan, what is most used is cash. The use of the card is not widespread and in most small places such as restaurants and shops they do not charge with it. In any case, from the first time we were in 2016 to the next in 2018, we discovered that it is becoming more and more accepted. Still, make sure you always have plenty of cash in your pocket.

To get money the best option is the combinis. In most there are ATMs although in some they only accept Japanese cards. In many post offices too. In bank ATMs it is more complicated since they only accept Japanese cards.

Another thing is that in Japan there are no tips, never leave more money because they will return it to you.

When you go to pay, they will bring you a tray with both hands in which you must deposit the money, in which they will then return what is left over. Physical contact should always be avoided. Also, whenever you are going to give something remember to give it with both hands, using only one is not well seen.

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Diaries of our travels

Diarios de Asia

En esta página encontrarás los diarios de nuestros viajes por Asia.

Diarios de Asia
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Contenido:

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Short history of Japan

We are going to tell very briefly the history of Japan.

From prehistory to classical history of Japan

It is believed that the first settlers of the archipelago arrived around the year 30,000 BC.

Around the year 14,500 B.C. The Jōmon (縄文時代) period begins and it was a semi-sedentary hunter-gatherer culture from Mesolithic to Neolithic, characterized by semi-sunken dwellings with thatched roofs and rudimentary agriculture. The oldest clay objects and utensils found in Japan date from this period.

It is believed that around 1,000 B.C. The Yayoi tribe enters through Kyushu and mixes with the Jōmon, although, officially, the Yayoi period (弥生時代), goes from the year 300 B.C. to 300 AD With them come rice crops and metallurgy.

history of Japan
Jinmu Tennō (神武天皇)

According to legend, Emperor Jinmu Tennō (神武天皇), a grandson of the goddess Amaterasu, founded a kingdom in central Japan in 660 BC. C., beginning an imperial line that still continues with the reign of the current Emperor Naruhito from 2019.

Although most historians believe that the first fourteen more than royal emperors are legendary characters (from Emperor Jimmu to Emperor Chuai).

Japan is first named in the Chinese Book of Han (漢書) written in 111 BC.

In the year 552, Buddhism was introduced from the Baekje kingdom in Korea, but the development of Japanese Buddhism was mainly influenced by China.

Despite initial resistance, Buddhism was promoted by the ruling class, including such figures as Prince Shōtoku (聖徳太), and gained wide acceptance beginning in the Asuka period (飛鳥時代) between 592 and 710.

In 645, the Taika Reforms (大化の改新) nationalize all land in Japan, to be equally distributed among farmers, and mandate the compilation of a household register as the basis for a new tax system.

history of Japan
Prince Shōtoku (聖徳太)

In the year 672, the Jinshin War (壬申の乱) takes place, a bloody war of succession after the death of Emperor Tenji Tennō (天智天皇), between Prince Ōama (his brother) and his son his son and successor, the Prince Otomo. The war is won by Ōtomo, although less than a year after taking the throne he commits suicide and Prince Ōama becomes king.

He introduced the Taihō Code (大宝律令) in 701, an administrative reorganization with a historical law system based on Confucianism. These legal reforms created the Ritsuryō (律令制) state, which was largely an adaptation of the Chinese governmental system of the Tang dynasty.

The Nara period (奈良時代), between 710 and 784, marks the rise of a Japanese state centered on the Imperial Court at Heijō-kyō (present-day Nara). The period is characterized by the emergence of a nascent literary culture with the completion of Kojiki in 712 and Nihon Shoki in 720, as well as the development of Buddhist-inspired works of art and architecture.

In the year 784, Emperor Kanmu Tennō (桓武天皇) moved the capital to Heian-kyō (present-day Kyoto), beginning the Heian period (平安時代), which runs from 794 to 1185. During this period, the Tale of Genji by Murasaki Shikibu and the lyrics of Japan’s national anthem «Kimigayo».

Feudal period

Japan’s feudal era was characterized by the rise and dominance of a ruling class of warriors, the samurai.

In 1185, after the defeat of the Taira clan in the Genpei Wars (源平合戦), the samurai Minamoto no Yoritomo established a military government in the city of Kamakura, giving rise to the Kamakura period (鎌倉時代) that lasted until the year 1333. After his death, the Hōjō clan takes power as regent of the shōguns.

japan
Oda Nobunaga

During the Kamakura period, Zen Buddhism is introduced and becomes tremendously popular among the samurai class. They also repelled the Mongol invasions in 1274 and 1281.

In the year 1318 Go-Daigo Tennō (後醍醐天皇) assumed power after Hanazono Tennō (花園天皇) abdicated, beginning the Muromachi period (室町時代) between 1336 and 1573.

The later Ashikaga shogunate failed to control the feudal warlords (daimyōs) and a civil war began in 1467, opening the century-long period of Sengoku («Warring States»).

In the 16th century, Portuguese merchants and Jesuit missionaries arrived for the first time in Japanese lands. Thanks to the commercial exchange with these, Oda Nobunaga (織田 信長) uses European technology and firearms to conquer many other daimyōs; his consolidation of power began what became known as the Azuchi-Momoyama (安土桃山時代) period.

Following Nobunaga’s death, his successor Toyotomi Hideyoshi unified the nation in the early 1590s and launched two failed invasions of Korea in 1592 and 1597.

Tokugawa Ieyasu served as regent for Hideyoshi’s son Toyotomi Hideyori, and used his position to gain political and military support.

At the Battle of Sekigahara (関ヶ原の戦い) in 1600, Tokugawa Ieyasu defeated rival clans, was appointed shōgun by Emperor Go-Yōzei (後陽成天皇) in 1603, and established the Tokugawa shogunate in Edo (present-day Tokyo).

The shogunate enacted measures including the buke shohatto, as a code of conduct to control autonomous daimyōs, and in 1639 the isolationist sakoku («closed country») policy that spanned the two and a half centuries of tenuous political unity known as the Edo period. (1603-1868).

Modern era

In 1854, Commodore Matthew Perry and the «Black Ships» of the United States Navy forced the opening of Japan to the outside world with the Convention of Kanagawa. Subsequent similar treaties with other Western countries caused a serious economic and political crisis.

The resignation of the shōgun led to the Boshin War (戊辰戦争) between 1868 and 1869, leading to the establishment of a nominally unified centralized state under the emperor, known as the Meiji Restoration (明治維新). Adopting Western political, judicial, and military institutions, the cabinet organized the Privy Council, introduced the Meiji Constitution, and assembled the Imperial Diet.

During the Meiji era (1868-1912), the Empire of Japan emerged as the most developed nation in Asia and an industrialized world power.

After victories in the First Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895) and the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905), Japan gains control of Taiwan, Korea, and the southern half of Sakhalin.
The beginning of the 20th century saw a period of Taishō democracy (1912-1926) overshadowed by increasing expansionism and militarization.

After the First World War Japan, as an allied power, takes control of the German possessions in the Pacific and in China.

In 1931, Japan invaded and occupied China’s Manchuria and in 1936 signed the Anti-Comintern Pact with Nazi Germany; the Tripartite Pact of 1940 made it one of the Axis Powers.

The Empire of Japan invaded other parts of China in 1937, precipitating the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945).

In 1940, the Empire invaded French Indochina. Following this, the United States imposed an oil embargo on Japan.

From December 7 to 8, 1941, Japanese forces carried out surprise attacks on Pearl Harbor, as well as British forces in Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong, among others, beginning World War II in the Pacific.

After Allied victories over the next four years, culminating in the Soviet invasion of Manchuria and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, Japan agreed to an unconditional surrender.

Allied occupation ended with the Treaty of San Francisco in 1952, and Japan was granted membership in the United Nations in 1956.

A period of record growth propelled Japan to become the world’s second largest economy; this ended in the mid-1990s after the bursting of an asset price bubble, beginning the «Lost Decade».

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Vietnam (Việt Nam)

En esta página podrás encontrar información general sobre el precioso país que es Vietnam, desde su historia hasta aprender a moverte.

Hanoi

(Click HERE for English version)

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Información práctica

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Que ver en Vietnam

Ho Chi Minh City

Huế

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Diario de viaje

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Vietnam: Guía práctica

Aquí encontrarás toda la información necesaria antes de tu viaje a Vietnam.

Índice:

Documentación y visados

Para turistas españoles no es necesario sacar visado si la visita no supera los 15 días. Solamente es necesario un pasaporte en vigor, con, al menos, seis meses de validez desde la fecha de entrada en el país y con, al menos, dos páginas libres de sellos.

Para estancias superiores a 15 días si se necesitaría sacar visado. Para ello podemos acudir a la embajada de Vietnam en Madrid.

También podemos hacerlo en el mismo aeropuerto de llagada, pagando 25 dólares americanos, aunque hay que hacer una cola bastante lenta y luego comerse la graaaaan cola del control de pasaportes. Esto sería lentísimo.

También se puede sacar a través de internet en la web oficial: https://www.xuatnhapcanh.gov.vn/

Vacunas

Obligatorias: Ninguna.

Recomendadas: Hepatitis A y B, el Tétanos-Polio, la Fiebre tifoidea y la Encefalitis japonesa y la Gripe, para el caso de estancias largas.

Fiebre Amarilla a los viajeros mayores de un año, procedentes de países con riesgo de transmisión de la fiebre amarilla.

En cuanto a la malaria, existe riesgo de paludismo en las zonas rurales del país y la prevención recomendada en dichas zonas de riesgo es de Tipo IV.

Para turistas españoles se puede consultar la web del Ministerio de Sanidad.

Seguridad en Vietnam

Vietnam es un país muy seguro, pero siempre hay que tener un poco de sentido común. Los robos se producen en zonas de aglomeraciones tales como: grandes superficies, mercados, lugares turísticos  y hoteles. Estos se producen rasgando los bolsos con un instrumento cortante y extrayendo los monederos, o bien por la modalidad del tirón. También son habituales las sustracciones de pasaportes, tarjetas de crédito y carteras durante los viajes nocturnos en autobuses y en los compartimentos del tren. Se recomienda dejar en lugar seguro sus pertenencias, incluido el pasaporte, viajar con fotocopia del mismo y estar alerta.

Las Comisarías de Policía del país ponen grandes dificultades para aceptar denuncias por robo (resulta más fácil hacer una denuncia por pérdida. En todo caso será necesaria la presentación de una denuncia ante la policía para proceder a la solicitud de un nuevo pasaporte). Además, los denunciantes deberán ir acompañados de un guía local para cualquier gestión, ya que no existen intérpretes y solo podrán atenderlos en vietnamita.

Sanidad en Vietnam

Las condiciones sanitarias son bastante deficientes en muchos casos, por lo que se recomienda beber agua embotellada, extremar el cuidado en el consumo de hielo en lugares públicos y lavar y desinfectar cuidadosamente las frutas, verduras y otros alimentos destinados a su consumo crudo. De todas maneras veremos en muchos locales carteles en inglés diciendo que se despachan alimentos seguros. Nosotros no tuvimos ningún problema estomacal.

Las enfermedades más comunes son la fiebre tifoidea, el dengue y la diarrea común, debidas a la poca salubridad en alimentos y agua.

En determinadas épocas del año, como en las estaciones lluviosas, se registra mayor incidencia de enfermedades provocadas por la picadura de insectos, como la encefalitis japonesa y especialmente el dengue, enfermedad endémica en Vietnam, para la que no existe vacuna. La fiebre del dengue presenta los siguientes síntomas: náuseas, vómitos, pérdida de apetito, fiebre alta y fuertes dolores de cabeza. En casos extremos y raros adopta la variedad de “dengue hemorrágico” que puede llegar a producir la muerte.

Para asegurarse lo mejor es evitar salir al amanecer y al anochecer, y no vestir colores oscuros. También es recomendable el uso de repelentes de insectos… bien fuertes.

El equipamiento hospitalario en Vietnam es muy básico, y es recomendable viajar a Bangkok o Singapur para dolencias médica serias, por lo que es imprescindible viajar con un seguro médico que cubra todo tipo de gastos.

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Aquí ponemos una lista de centros sanitarios recomendados por el ministerio de sanidad de España:

En Hanoi:

  • Hong Ngoc Hospital. 55 Phố Yên Ninh, Quán Thánh, Ba Đình, Hà Nội, Vietnam.
  • VinMec International Hospital. 458 Phố Minh Khai, Khu đô thị Times City, Hai Bà Trưng, Hà Nội, Vietnam.
  • Hospital francés de Hanoi. Số 1 Phương Mai, Đống Đa, Hà Nội 100000, Vietnam.
  • Hanoi Family Medical Practice (clínica). 298I Kim Mã, Ba Đình, Hà Nội 10000, Vietnam.
  • Raffles Medical Group (clínica). Hanoi City, 51 Xuân Diệu, Quảng An, Tây Hồ, Hà Nội 700000, Vietnam.

En Ciudad Ho Chi Minh:

  • French-Vietnamese Hospital. 6 Nguyễn Lương Bằng, Tân Phú, Quận 7, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Vietnam.
  • Cho Ray Hospital. Nguyễn Chí Thanh, Phường 12, Quận 5, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Vietnam.
  • Raffles Medical Group (clínica). 167A Nam Kỳ Khởi Nghĩa, Phường 7, Quận 3, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Vietnam.
  • Family Medical Practice (clínica). 34 Lê Duẩn, Bến Nghé, Quận 1, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Vietnam.

En Danang:

Hanoi Family Medical PracticeFamily Medical Practice (clínica). 96-98 Nguyễn Văn Linh, Nam Dương, Hải Châu, Đà Nẵng 550000, Vietnam.

En Vung Tau:

Raffles Medical Group  (clínica). 01 Lê Ngọc Hân, Phường 1, Thành phố Vũng Tầu, Bà Rịa – Vũng Tàu 790000, Vietnam.

En Huế:

Bệnh viện Trung ương Huế-Hospital internacional de Huế. 3 Đ. Ngô Quyền, Vĩnh Ninh, Thành phố Huế, Thừa Thiên Huế, Vietnam.

A éste último tuvimos que acudir nosotros.

Dinero

La moneda oficial de Vietnam es el Dong. 1€ son 25.777 VND y 1$ son 24780 VND. Siendo extranjero, la mayor parte de las veces te dirán precio en dólares americanos.

Se recomienda cambiar únicamente en bancos autorizados. Visite la web oficial del Vietcombank para ver el cambio de hoy.

Las tarjetas de débito y crédito españolas funcionan generalmente en los cajeros automáticos locales, con las limitaciones diarias y comisiones que fije el banco emisor. Los cajeros solamente dispensan dongs vietnamitas. Es curioso llegar a un cajero y sacar 5.000.000 como si no quiere la cosa… se siente uno millonario cuando tan sólo son 185€ (215$).

Nosotros tuvimos un problemón y es que ningún cajero nos admitía nuestra tarjeta, de la entidad ING. Tuvimos que llamar a España porque no sabíamos que teníamos que dar aviso de que íbamos a usarla en Vietnam, cosa que nunca nos había pasado.

En cuanto al uso de tarjetas de crédito solamente es posible utilizarlas en el centro de las grandes poblaciones, principalmente Hanoi y Ho Chi Minh City, y únicamente en establecimientos hoteles, restaurantes, tiendas y negocios pertenecientes a empresas multinacionales o a extranjeros o bien a vietnamitas con clientela internacional. Te pueden cobrar comisión por ello así que lo mejor es llevar cash en el bolsillo y no tendrás problema.

Cuidado con sacar mucho dinero en dongs. El penúltimo día nos cancelaron la excursión por la bahía de Hạ Long y la agencia nos devolvió el dinero en metálico. Pues bien, los bancos en Vietnam no te cambian dongs por dólares o euros pero tampoco puedes sacar dongs del país. Así que nos encontramos con 7.000.000 de dongs que no podíamos cambiar, ni gastar ni sacar del país. Al final, por medio de la agencia de viajes, pudimos cambiarlos por euros en el mercado negro. Nos dieron un muy buen cambio pero es una experiencia un tanto oscura y no muy agradable.

Transporte en Vietnam

Moverse por Vietnam es relativamente fácil y muy barato. Los taxis en las ciudades son baratísimos y efectivos, pero sólo de compañías fiables.

Xe Ôm

También existe algo llamado Xe Ôm, que viene a significar literalmente «abrazo en moto«, y son moto-taxi. Estos han sido el medio de transporte más barato en las concurridas calles de Vietnam durante muchas décadas. A veces tienen un letrero que dice «xe ôm» colgando y otras te ofrecerán directamente sus servicios.

Hay que tener cuidado porque, como en todos sitios, pueden estafar a los turistas. Para evitar esto, como consejo importante, lo suyo es acordar un precio de antemano. Lo justo son entre 10.000 y 15.000VND el kilómetro (0.36-0.55€), pero como siempre habrá que regatear, te pedirán de primeras 2-3 veces más.

También es importante que el conductor conozca el destino, así que lleva siempre un mapa contigo (o datos en el smartphone).

Y, finalmente, es aconsejable evitarlos por la noche.

Taxi

Es el medio de transporte que más usamos nosotros. Muy barato y muy rápido. Es aconsejable tomar los de compañías «fiables» para no sufrir estafas, como nos pasó el último día en Hanoi. El único taxi de compañía no fiable que tomamos… ¡PAM! estafa. Tenía el taxímetro trucado y subía muuuuuy, muuuuy rápido. En una carrera que de normal nos costaba unos 60.000 VND (2.25€) se fue a 130.000 VND (4.85€).

Las dos compañías recomendadas que están en todas las ciudades importantes son:

Vinasun Taxi: Los reconocerás porque son de color blanco mayoritariamente, con una línea finita roja y otra verde en la parte inferior. Además lleva el nombre de la empresa en grande en los laterales.

Aquí puedes ver su web (Vietnamita): http://www.vinasuntaxi.com/

Mai Linh Taxi: Los reconocerás porque son de color verde en su totalidad, también con el nombre de la empresa en los laterales.

Aquí puedes ver su web (Inglés): https://mailinh.vn/

En los taxis que tomamos de ambas compañías tenían el taxímetro y una pantalla del gps bien visibles.

Es el medio de transporte más seguro para viajar de noche. Las tarifas son de 10.000-15.000VND/km (0,40-0,60€).

Autobús

Los buses urbanos son lentos, muy lentos con el terrible tráfico que hay pero el precio es realmente ridículo.

También podemos alquilar motos para circular por el endiablado tráfico de las grandes ciudades pero no se pueden alquilar turismos si no disponemos de permiso de conducir vietnamita (no lo haría ni pagado).

Hay que poner especial cuidado en la Bahía de Ha Long. Lo mejor es reservar los cruceros en compañías serias y huir de los chollos o los que son muy baratos ya que algunas de las embarcaciones no reúnen las condiciones de seguridad exigidas, aunque las autoridades vietnamitas han anunciado controles más estrictos. En los últimos años se han producido varios accidentes, en algunos casos con víctimas.

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Breve historia de Vietnam

La República Socialista de Vietnam (Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam) es el país del sudeste asiático más oriental de la península de Indochina. Su capital es Hanói (Hà Nội) desde la reunificación de Vietnam del Norte y Vietnam del Sur en 1976.

Con una historia reciente bastante turbulenta, con varios conflictos bélicos de importancia, en el año 938 se independiza del Imperio Chino. Fue tras vencer en la batalla del río Bach Dang.

A partir de ahí comienza una época floreciente. En ella expanden su territorio hasta el siglo XIX. Es cuando los franceses colonizan la península de Indochina.

Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, el ejército japonés toma el control de la zona durante un breve periodo de tiempo. Lo hace hasta su rendición tras la victoria de los aliados.

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En 1945, los vietnamitas comienzan la guerra de independencia liderados por Hồ Chí Minh en la I Guerra de Indochina hasta 1954. Tras la victoria en la batalla de Dien Bien Phu, los franceses deciden retirarse de las colonias.

Ese mismo año, en la Conferencia de Ginebra, los países que habían formado parte de la guerra, deciden dividir el país en dos en el Paralelo 17. Así se forman Vietnam del Norte y Vietnam del Sur.

A partir de 1955, no se consigue reunificar el país a través de unas elecciones democráticas. Estados Unidos se opone por miedo a una victoria comunista que se asocie con la URSS y China. Entonces EEUU decide enviar tropas a Vietnam del Sur. Mientras, Vietnam del Norte recibe ayuda armamentística por parte de la URSS. Se masca la tragedia.

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El incidente del golfo de Tonkin el 2 de agosto de 1964 fue el detonante para que estallara la Guerra de Vietnam o II Guerra de Indochina. Aunque he leído que unos documentos desclasificados recientemente demuestran que el gobierno de Estados Unidos fingió ese ataque para tener argumentos para atacar. Un informe de la Agencia de Seguridad Nacional (NSA, por sus siglas en inglés) concluye: esa noche no ocurrió ningún ataque.

En 1973 EEUU decide retirarse de Vietnam y en 1975 el ejército norvietnamita empieza la invasión definitiva del sur. El 30 de abril de 1975 el ejército norvietnamita toma Saigón poniendo fin a la guerra.

El 2 de agosto de 1976 queda oficialmente reunificado convirtiéndose en la República Socialista de Vietnam.

Hoy en día el país, a pesar de seguir siendo comunista, empieza a abrirse al libre mercado y a experimentar una ligera evolución económica y social, aunque aún con tremendas desigualdades sociales.

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Japón / Japan (日本)

En esta página podrás encontrar los diarios de nuestros viajes e información general sobre el maravilloso país que es Japón, desde su historia hasta aprender a moverte.

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Contenido:

Iati seguros

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Información práctica de Japón

Destinos en Japón

Diarios de nuestros viajes

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